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Features of Federal Constitution


Unitary form of Government is a form of government where central government have all the power and authority. Even the country is divided in states and provinces, the division is for administration work. These sub-division completely work under the supervision and control of the Central Government i.e. only Central Government is responsible for the new laws and only Central Government holds the power to change the law. United Kingdom is the good example on Unitary form of Government

Federal form of Government is a form of government where two forms of Government exist i.e. Central Government and State Government. The principle of government allocates power and authority between the national and local government in such a way that each government is delegated a sphere of power and authority, that only that government can exercise, but there are some areas of power and authority which is to be shared between the two forms of Government.US is best example of the federal form of Government.

Features of Federal Constitution
Here are some of the prominent features of the Federation and Federal Structure of Constitution of Government
  • Dual Polity – Dual Polity means that two levels of central government and state government. There is supreme government in the center but there also exist independent state government or local government and power and authority is divided between the two. This is the main point for a country to have federal constitution.
  • Supremacy of the Constitution – Federal form of government follows the principle of Suprema Lex i.e. supremacy of constitution. All the powers and authority of Center and State Government is properly defined in the constitution. All laws enacted by central and state government are ought to be in the line of Constitution. 
  • Written Constitution – A federal form of Government can’t exist without a written constitution and it is mandatory. Examples of Federal form of Government are – India, US, Australia. There are countries where there is not constitution, but those countries’ Government are not federal, example – UK.
  • Rigid Constitution – It means that a there is rigid procedure to make changes in the constitution and it is an essential feature for a federal constitution. Like to make changes in the Sweden Constitution an intervening election is conducted. 
  • Sovereignty of Amending Body – Both central and state government derive their power from Constitution so there is a need of sovereign body for the amendment of the constitution.


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